Ideas & Topics

Electromagnetic Field applies a Force to charged particles or light beam. (i.e., as shown in Lorentz Force). This force affects direction, energy, and motion of beam. How would this affect Reflection, Absorption and Transmission of beam in relation to the surface of a structure? How would this force affect electrical current or molecular chemical velocity? Could it be used to accelerate a chemical reaction? Could it be used to accelerate the charging of a battery or to accelerate the transmission of light through an object?

(i.e., As shown in Cyclotron accelerators: … magnetic field increases mass of charged particles), (i.e., As shown in a Scanning Electron Microscope: Electromagnetic field can ‘focus’ a beam of light).

Inflammation can be modulated and Stem Cell proliferation increased using an EM field (generated by an electric current) to increase the healing rate of wounds. This is significant.

‘Wound Repair and extremely low frequency Electromagnetic field: Insight from In Vitro study and potential clinical application’, Giulio Gualdi et al, International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021 May.

Are there specific wavelengths which breakdown bacterial walls?

Topology is called ‘rubber-sheet Geometry’ because a shape can be changed to another shape by bending, stretching, twisting or squishing etc. This is the same as taking a lump of clay with or without holes in it and turning it into any shape which does not involve tearing the clay or closing existing holes. See explanation of ‘Topology’ on Wikipedia.

Blood cells carry oxygen due to their Haemoglobin (a folded protein). Can re-folding the protein using topological principles cause the blood cells to be more efficient in the amount of oxygen they can carry?

Another reference: ‘DNA topological shapes’, Physics World March 2021.

This being the case, Set theory would apply to multiple Groups. In Set theory each type of immune responsive cell would be a member of a particular Set. It is also the case that members of one Set can be in a subset of another Set and that there exists a relationship between Sets of Unions, Intersections, Set Differences, Symmetric differences and Ordered Pairs.

Does this describe the relationship between different types of immune responsive cells? Would this method of description bring something new to understanding the relationship between different types of cells.?

When evolution occurs, and this is profound for the Organism, what happens to the old genes? Is evolution a result of mutation of existing genes or is it due to the re-combination of genes inherited from each parent to the offspring? If re-combination is the case it means that the genes themselves remain in their existing state and the ‘variability’ is in the product of the re-combination.?

What is interesting is that evolution works to confer an advantage for the Organism, for example, a longer beak, a sharper claw, a better focus for the eye. Therefore does this advantage predetermine the ‘variability’ of the gene recombination, (what the evolution will look like). This would mean an unconscious bias towards ‘what is of the most help’. What does happen to the genes when a creature evolves into another new form? Since these new traits are then passed down to their own offspring?

‘Self-Assembly’ is a pattern formation, (Book, ‘Digital Biology, Peter J Bentley 2001). Self-Assembly could be used in repairing broken bones. It is also the case that medication could be assembled in the body using components already existing in the body?

Can the use of Isotopes (radioactive clocks) sitting on genes or transcription factors regulate the amount of hormones or enzymes produced?. i.e., The Isotope turns on and off the gene transcription.

Can genes be ‘substituted’ in the genome, either fixed, glued or stitched on top of the gene to be replaced, so they are transcribed instead of genes that do not work for the person? Is the positioning of a gene in the genome as important as the sequences which make up its’ base?

This pathway is a chain reaction of various chemical changes which occur from the ‘source’ which can be antigen-based, i.e., a bee-sting, to the ‘sink’ which is the outcome of the ‘source’. Can one of these chemical changes be blocked to stop the pathway from continuing to its’ outcome?

If ‘inflammation’ is also the result of various chemical changes in a pathway between ‘source’ and ‘sink-outcome’, can this pathway be re-configured in a similar way.?

Another approach:- Homeotic genes regulate the development of whole groups of other genes, so these act as ‘binary logic gates’ for the sequence steps of entire pathways Homeotic mutants are mutations to a Homeotic gene where one cell type follows the developmental pathway normally followed by other cell types, (Principles of Genetics, Robert Tamarin et al, 3rd Edition, WCB Publishers 1991, page401). This produces a significant change to an outcome. The ‘source’, in this case, activates an entirely different pathway/outcome. How difficult would it be to change a pathway coming from a specific ‘source’ using perhaps other means? Are pathways formed by habits.?

Resistance to antibiotics is caused because the antibiotic ‘key’ cannot fit in the ‘lock’ of the antigen because mutation has changed the structure of the ‘lock’. A universal ‘key’ would be such that the antigen’s binding site acts as a ‘mould’ which shapes the ‘key’ which then fits into it. The way to do this would be to soften the surface of the antibiotic binding site so that it becomes the right consistency to fit onto all types of binding sites of the antigen.

‘Antibodies recognise molecular shapes (epitopes) on antigens’ (Book, Roitt’s Essential Immunology, Peter J. Delves et al, published by Wiley Blackwell 2017, page 140)

Can artificial RNA transcription molecules be made which can take sections of the junk DNA and re-order the bases during the transcription process to produce required cell compounds? i.e. the transcription molecule has the ability to jump between sequences and individual bases which need to be transcribed in order to produce a full completed-sense sequence. It does not just have to ‘read’ solely in a straight line.