In the first instance, can an electromagnetic field form an atom? It is understood that an electromagnetic field can be non-uniform in that it contains a superposition of quantised energy levels. Electric and Magnetic vectors are spaced according to their strength and direction. These energy levels when added together give the electronic profile of the EM field.

In the atom similarly, each quantised energy state, including ‘ground’ state and ‘excited’ state exists as part of a superposition of all of the energy states. It is this superposition which gives the atom its’ physical properties.

What would it take for an electromagnetic field to generate atoms? For ‘energy’ to become ‘atomic matter’? What is the significance of the gravitational force, does it ‘bend’ the field into atomic units?

Is this why the Higgs Boson field is able to transform energy into particle (atomic) matter?

The difference between Qubits and Bits on an electronic circuit is that Qubits are formed by ‘superposition’; one State’ is the result of two different transmissions. In theory this makes quantum computers faster but decoherence causes a ‘State’ to collapse into only one of the transmissions. One way to stop this collapse would be to construct the transmission full-fibre as a channel with structurally inbuilt ‘Not’ logic gates.  Given two separate transmission streams, then as each pass through a ’Not’ logic gate their structural integrity is kept intact at each even-spaced gate and their mirror image is kept intact at each odd-spaced gate.

Can the pathway be changed? This could be used in ‘neutralising Radioactive Waste’. Is it possible to re-orientate an atomic ‘Tunnelling Mechanism’ to release less destructive emission, i.e., energy emitted at a less energetic frequency?. Are there Isotopes of atoms/molecules which are stable in various combinations?. Can energy be stored in the atomic pathway instead of being emitted? (Quantum tunnelling involves a particle passing through an energy barrier despite lacking the energy to overcome the barrier).